GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS

Mihail E. Kolpakov; Aleksandr Dresvyannikov; D. A. Sataraev; E. A. Ermolaeva; E V Nikolaeva

doi:10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51

GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS

Published in Herald of Technological University · Pages 51–63 · Rubric: 2. Chemical Technology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51 · EDN: YYHGRO

Received: 01.06.2026 Accepted: 05.07.2026 Published: 30.07.2026

Authors

Mihail E. Kolpakov

Aleksandr Dresvyannikov

D. A. Sataraev

E. A. Ermolaeva

E V Nikolaeva

Mihail E. Kolpakov

Academic degree: doctor of chemical sciences

Science rang: professor

Kazan National Research Technological University professor · Kafedra «Analiticheskoy himii, sertifikacii i menedzhmenta kachestva"

Aleksandr Dresvyannikov

Academic degree: doctor of chemical sciences

Science rang: professor

Kazan National Research Technological University

D. A. Sataraev

Kazan National Research Technological University

E. A. Ermolaeva

Kazan National Research Technological University

E V Nikolaeva

KNITU; Kazan National Research Technological University

ABSTRACT

The review systematizes research on the main aspects of the development and application of galvanic replacement, including the synthesis of catalysts active in electrochemical reactions: the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen during water electrolysis, oxygen reduction in fuel cells, the electrochemical conversion of CO2, and the oxidation of alcohols. Recent studies have demonstrated how galvanic replacement can be used to create a wide range of catalytic architectures, from core-shell nanostructures and hollow nanoplates to high-entropy alloys, single-atom catalysts, and nano- and micro-sized polymetallic systems based on 3d and 4d metals. Owing to the rational design of bimetallic surfaces, lattice strain, and electronic modulation of the active sites, high catalytic performance has been achieved, including ultra-low overpotentials (as low as 15 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction and 203 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction) and operational stability exceeding 700 hours at industrial current densities. Special attention is paid to in situ spectroscopic methods and quantum-chemical calculations, which reveal the molecular nature of increased activity and stability, linking them to the type of active centers, the nature of interfacial interactions, and the dynamics of surface restructuring. Key challenges (scalability of synthesis, development of predictive computational models, reducing the reliance on platinum-group metals, and integration of catalysts into membrane-electrode assemblies) are discussed, as well as promising development directions, including broadening the range of reactions toward nitrate reduction, biomass processing, and the use of non-conventional reaction media. Taken together, these results position galvanic replacement as a key technology for the synthesis of next-generation electrocatalysts for sustainable energy.

KEYWORDS

HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS, MONOATOMIC CATALYSTS, OXYGEN EVOLUTION, HYDROGEN EVOLUTION, OXYGEN REDUCTION, CARBON DIOXIDE, ORGANIC ELECTROSYNTHESIS

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GOST

Kolpakov M. E., Dresvyannikov A. F., Sataraev D. A., Ermolaeva E. A., GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS // Herald of Technological University. 2026. no. 7. pp. 51-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51. EDN: YYHGRO. (Date of access 08.09.2026).

MLA

Mihail E. Kolpakov, Dresvyannikov A. F., Sataraev D. A., Ermolaeva E. A., . "GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS." Herald of Technological University 29.7 (2026): 51-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51. EDN: YYHGRO.

APA

Kolpakov M. E., Dresvyannikov A. F., Sataraev D. A., Ermolaeva E. A., (2026). GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS. Herald of Technological University, 29(7), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51 EDN: YYHGRO.

Chicago

Mihail E. Kolpakov, Dresvyannikov A. F., Sataraev D. A., Ermolaeva E. A., . "GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS." Herald of Technological University 29, no. 7 (2026): 51-63. https://doi.org/10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51. EDN: YYHGRO.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Kolpakov M. E., Dresvyannikov A. F., Sataraev D. A., Ermolaeva E. A., | title = GALVANIC REPLACEMENT AS A PERSPECTIVE APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF ELECTROCATALYSTS | journal = Herald of Technological University | year = 2026 | volume = 29 | issue = 7 | pages = 51-63 | doi = 10.55421/3034-4689_2026_29_7_51 }} EDN: YYHGRO

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