LOW TEMPERATURE CRACKING OF SUPER-VISCOUS OIL IN THE PRESENCE OF NANOPARTICLES OF ZINC AND ALUMINUM OXIDES
Rubrics: 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:
1.
Kazan National Research Technological University
2.
Kazanskiy nacional'nyy issledovatel'skiy tehnologicheskiy universitet
3.
Kazan National Research Technological University
4.
KNITU; KNRTU
5.
Kazan National Research Technological University
6.
KNITU
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 61
to 66
Status:
Published
Received:
25.12.2025
Accepted:
25.12.2025
Published:
25.12.2025
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
SUPERVISCOUS OIL, CATALYTIC CRACKING, ASPHALT-RESIN COMPOUNDS, RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID, OIL DISPERSED SYSTEM, SUBCRITICAL WATER
Abstract (English):
The relevance of studying the effect of metal nanoparticles on low-temperature cracking of heavy oil is due to the need to develop efficient and environmentally friendly methods for processing hard-to-recover hydrocarbons. Heavy oil containing a significant amount of resinous-asphaltene components requires special conditions and technologies for its processing. The article discusses the results of studying the effect of metal nanoparticles Zn and Al on changes in the composition and viscosity properties of products of low-temperature cracking of heavy oil. The experiments were carried out at a temperature of 360 °C under a superheated steam pressure of 160 bar in a subcritical aqueous fluid. Cracking in a subcritical water fluid reduces the formation of by-products of the process. In oil cracking products, the tar content increases and the yield of low-boiling fractions decreases. On the contrary, the presence of metal nanoparticles in the reaction medium leads to a decrease in the content of resinous-asphaltene substances and an increase in the amount of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, which indicates a more efficient destruction of high-molecular-weight oil compounds. The greatest destruction of resinous-asphaltene substances occurs during cracking of heavy oil with Zn nanoparticles, with an asphaltene conversion of 21 %. Heavy oil and cracking products containing a significant amount of resinous-asphaltene components exhibit non-Newtonian behavior with viscoplastic properties. In a subcritical aqueous fluid, the viscosity is further reduced due to an increase in the content of hydrocarbons and a decrease in the concentration of resins and asphaltenes. When nanoparticles participate in the cracking process, the viscosity decreases, and the most noticeable decrease is observed when using ZnO. Oil cracking in the presence of nanoparticles changes the composition and structure of oil dispersed systems, and the fraction of the core decreases. Cracking in a subcritical aqueous fluid with ZnO leads to the greatest increase in the amount of dispersion medium and a decrease in the proportion of the solvate shell. It is shown that IR spectral coefficients can serve as indicators of transformation of the structure of oil dispersed systems. The study of the effect of metal nanoparticles on the cracking process of heavy oil can be of practical importance for the oil refining industry. Metal nanoparticles, such as Zn and Al, can significantly change the composition and properties of oil, reducing the cost of its further processing. The results of the study can be useful for optimizing oil refining technologies and improving the environmental characteristics of the production process.
The relevance of studying the effect of metal nanoparticles on low-temperature cracking of heavy oil is due to the need to develop efficient and environmentally friendly methods for processing hard-to-recover hydrocarbons. Heavy oil containing a significant amount of resinous-asphaltene components requires special conditions and technologies for its processing. The article discusses the results of studying the effect of metal nanoparticles Zn and Al on changes in the composition and viscosity properties of products of low-temperature cracking of heavy oil. The experiments were carried out at a temperature of 360 °C under a superheated steam pressure of 160 bar in a subcritical aqueous fluid. Cracking in a subcritical water fluid reduces the formation of by-products of the process. In oil cracking products, the tar content increases and the yield of low-boiling fractions decreases. On the contrary, the presence of metal nanoparticles in the reaction medium leads to a decrease in the content of resinous-asphaltene substances and an increase in the amount of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, which indicates a more efficient destruction of high-molecular-weight oil compounds. The greatest destruction of resinous-asphaltene substances occurs during cracking of heavy oil with Zn nanoparticles, with an asphaltene conversion of 21 %. Heavy oil and cracking products containing a significant amount of resinous-asphaltene components exhibit non-Newtonian behavior with viscoplastic properties. In a subcritical aqueous fluid, the viscosity is further reduced due to an increase in the content of hydrocarbons and a decrease in the concentration of resins and asphaltenes. When nanoparticles participate in the cracking process, the viscosity decreases, and the most noticeable decrease is observed when using ZnO. Oil cracking in the presence of nanoparticles changes the composition and structure of oil dispersed systems, and the fraction of the core decreases. Cracking in a subcritical aqueous fluid with ZnO leads to the greatest increase in the amount of dispersion medium and a decrease in the proportion of the solvate shell. It is shown that IR spectral coefficients can serve as indicators of transformation of the structure of oil dispersed systems. The study of the effect of metal nanoparticles on the cracking process of heavy oil can be of practical importance for the oil refining industry. Metal nanoparticles, such as Zn and Al, can significantly change the composition and properties of oil, reducing the cost of its further processing. The results of the study can be useful for optimizing oil refining technologies and improving the environmental characteristics of the production process.
Keywords:
SUPERVISCOUS OIL, CATALYTIC CRACKING, ASPHALT-RESIN COMPOUNDS, RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID, OIL DISPERSED SYSTEM, SUBCRITICAL WATER
SUPERVISCOUS OIL, CATALYTIC CRACKING, ASPHALT-RESIN COMPOUNDS, RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID, OIL DISPERSED SYSTEM, SUBCRITICAL WATER
