ANALYSIS OF THE PROSPECTS FOR APPLYING MEMBRANE METHODS TO THE SEPARATION OF NICKEL-CONTAINING AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Rubrics: 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:
1.
Tambov State Technical University
2.
Tambov State Technical University
3.
Tambov State Technical University
(Docent)
employee
Russian Federation
employee
Russian Federation
4.
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Voronezh Branch
Voronezh, Russian Federation
Voronezh, Russian Federation
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 65
to 72
Status:
Published
Received:
31.01.2026
Accepted:
31.01.2026
Published:
31.01.2026
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
MEMBRANE, ELECTROMEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY, ELECTRODIALYSIS, REVERSE OSMOSIS, INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS, SEPARATION
Abstract:
The article provides a comparative analysis of baromembrane, electrodialysis and electrobaromembrane technologies for solving the problems of purification of industrial solutions containing nickel. The key advantages, limitations and areas of rational application of the listed technologies are identified. The efficiency of separation of solutions containing Ni2⁺ ions using each of the processes under consideration has been experimentally investigated. Various heterogeneous cation exchange and anion exchange membranes (MGA-80, MGA-95, MK-40L and MA-41P) manufactured by IP Shchekinoazot LLC were used in the purification of solutions. As a result of experimental reverse osmosis studies, it was found that the use of the MGA-95 membrane provides more efficient separation of solutions with a high content of the target component in the retentate. The presence of smaller nanopores in the MGA-95 membrane than in the MGA-80 membrane and a thinner selectively permeable layer, in which mainly water molecules permeate and ions and solute molecules are trapped, contributes to the formation of a polarization layer with dynamic properties. It is noted that the electrodialysis method has a higher advantage, since it has ion-selective membranes with high characteristics in terms of transport properties, membranes are produced on an industrial scale, with a high range of pH and temperature changes in the separated solution, and can separate industrial solutions to produce highly concentrated concentrate and deeply purified dilute. It has been shown that electrodialysis methods are superior to other separation methods in terms of productivity and make it possible to obtain solutions with a high concentration of the extracted component. The use of membrane technologies increases the efficiency of cleaning industrial solutions, reduces energy consumption and ensures environmental protection.
The article provides a comparative analysis of baromembrane, electrodialysis and electrobaromembrane technologies for solving the problems of purification of industrial solutions containing nickel. The key advantages, limitations and areas of rational application of the listed technologies are identified. The efficiency of separation of solutions containing Ni2⁺ ions using each of the processes under consideration has been experimentally investigated. Various heterogeneous cation exchange and anion exchange membranes (MGA-80, MGA-95, MK-40L and MA-41P) manufactured by IP Shchekinoazot LLC were used in the purification of solutions. As a result of experimental reverse osmosis studies, it was found that the use of the MGA-95 membrane provides more efficient separation of solutions with a high content of the target component in the retentate. The presence of smaller nanopores in the MGA-95 membrane than in the MGA-80 membrane and a thinner selectively permeable layer, in which mainly water molecules permeate and ions and solute molecules are trapped, contributes to the formation of a polarization layer with dynamic properties. It is noted that the electrodialysis method has a higher advantage, since it has ion-selective membranes with high characteristics in terms of transport properties, membranes are produced on an industrial scale, with a high range of pH and temperature changes in the separated solution, and can separate industrial solutions to produce highly concentrated concentrate and deeply purified dilute. It has been shown that electrodialysis methods are superior to other separation methods in terms of productivity and make it possible to obtain solutions with a high concentration of the extracted component. The use of membrane technologies increases the efficiency of cleaning industrial solutions, reduces energy consumption and ensures environmental protection.
Keywords:
MEMBRANE, ELECTROMEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY, ELECTRODIALYSIS, REVERSE OSMOSIS, INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS, SEPARATION
MEMBRANE, ELECTROMEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY, ELECTRODIALYSIS, REVERSE OSMOSIS, INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS, SEPARATION
