EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF DUST CAPTURE PROCESS IN A HOLLOW VORTEX SCRUBBER
Rubrics: 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:
1.
Kazan National Research Technological University
2.
Kazan National Research Technological University
(Department of Food Production Equipment, assistant professor)
from 01.01.2020 until now
Russian Federation
from 01.01.2020 until now
Russian Federation
3.
KNITU
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 112
to 117
Status:
Published
Received:
23.01.2026
Accepted:
27.02.2026
Published:
05.04.2026
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION, EFFICIENCY, DUST CLEANING, VORTEX DEVICE, IRRIGATION, SCRUBBER
Funding:
Rabota vypolnena za schet granta, predostavlennogo Akademiey nauk Respubliki Tatarstan obrazovatel'nym organizaciyam vysshego obrazovaniya, nauchnym i inym organizaciyam na podderzhku planov razvitiya kadrovogo potenciala v chasti stimulirovaniya ih nauchnyh i nauchno-pedagogicheskih rabotnikov k zaschite doktorskih dissertaciy i vypolneniyu nauchno-issledovatel'skih rabot (soglashenie № 10/2025-PD-KNITU ot 22.12.2025).
Abstract:
Increasing requirements for the cleaning of industrial emissions necessitate the development of efficient methods for capturing solid particles. Hollow vortex scrubbers, characterized by a simple design and the absence of moving parts, are considered as an alternative to conventional wet gas-cleaning devices; however, their performance is critically dependent on operating parameters, which requires detailed investigation for optimization. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of fractional efficiency, since the ability to capture fine particles smaller than 5 µm determines environmental safety and equipment protection. The aim of this study was to experimentally determine the influence of gas flow rate and irrigating liquid flow rate on the cleaning efficiency of a hollow vortex scrubber with a swirler twist coefficient of 0.8. The efficiency was evaluated using overall and fractional capture efficiencies for kaolin dust. The results showed that the overall capture efficiency exceeds 99% at a sufficient level of irrigation due to increased intensity of particle-droplet interaction, whereas a reduction in the irrigating liquid flow rate below 20 l/h leads to a noticeable decrease in efficiency. Fractional analysis revealed that particles larger than 5 µm are captured with efficiencies exceeding 95% even at low irrigation rates, while for particles smaller than 2 µm the irrigating liquid flow rate becomes a critical parameter. A decrease in the gas flow rate to 250 m³/h (gas velocity below 10 m/s) results in reduced overall efficiency compared to operating regimes with a stable swirling flow. The hollow vortex scrubber demonstrates high cleaning efficiency under the investigated operating conditions, allowing a balance between energy consumption and separation efficiency to be achieved, and the obtained relationships can be applied in the design of industrial gas-cleaning systems and in the adjustment of their operating regimes under variable load conditions.
Increasing requirements for the cleaning of industrial emissions necessitate the development of efficient methods for capturing solid particles. Hollow vortex scrubbers, characterized by a simple design and the absence of moving parts, are considered as an alternative to conventional wet gas-cleaning devices; however, their performance is critically dependent on operating parameters, which requires detailed investigation for optimization. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of fractional efficiency, since the ability to capture fine particles smaller than 5 µm determines environmental safety and equipment protection. The aim of this study was to experimentally determine the influence of gas flow rate and irrigating liquid flow rate on the cleaning efficiency of a hollow vortex scrubber with a swirler twist coefficient of 0.8. The efficiency was evaluated using overall and fractional capture efficiencies for kaolin dust. The results showed that the overall capture efficiency exceeds 99% at a sufficient level of irrigation due to increased intensity of particle-droplet interaction, whereas a reduction in the irrigating liquid flow rate below 20 l/h leads to a noticeable decrease in efficiency. Fractional analysis revealed that particles larger than 5 µm are captured with efficiencies exceeding 95% even at low irrigation rates, while for particles smaller than 2 µm the irrigating liquid flow rate becomes a critical parameter. A decrease in the gas flow rate to 250 m³/h (gas velocity below 10 m/s) results in reduced overall efficiency compared to operating regimes with a stable swirling flow. The hollow vortex scrubber demonstrates high cleaning efficiency under the investigated operating conditions, allowing a balance between energy consumption and separation efficiency to be achieved, and the obtained relationships can be applied in the design of industrial gas-cleaning systems and in the adjustment of their operating regimes under variable load conditions.
Keywords:
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION, EFFICIENCY, DUST CLEANING, VORTEX DEVICE, IRRIGATION, SCRUBBER
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION, EFFICIENCY, DUST CLEANING, VORTEX DEVICE, IRRIGATION, SCRUBBER
