Russian Federation
This study analyzes the effect of vulcanization systems on the physical and mechanical properties of water-swelling rubbers based on BNKS-28 AMN rubber. To impart swelling properties to rubber in aqueous media, carboxylated cellulose derivatives obtained from rice straw and cotton tow were introduced into the rubber compounds. Carboxylation was achieved by reacting the rice straw and cotton tow with monochloroacetic acid in an alcohol-alkaline medium using microwave radiation for activation (activation time 90 sec, power 350 W). The degree of carboxylation was 0.56-0.68. The comparison rubber used the industrial sample NaCMC Policel 9V as a swelling filler. It was found that combined sulfur-peroxide vulcanizing groups, which contain from 40 to 70% of the peroxide component of the total vulcanizing composition, enable an optimal combination of tensile strength and hardness to be achieved while maintaining satisfactory elasticity of the swelling rubber. It was found that rubbers filled with partially carboxylated cellulose derivatives obtained from recycled plant materials exhibit superior strength properties compared to rubber filled with NaCMC, as well as high elongation at break. The swelling capacity of rubbers filled with the studied carboxylated cellulose derivatives in chloride, carbonate, and sulfate aqueous solutions was shown to be 70-90% lower than that of the control sample containing NaCMC, on average, by 20%. The decrease in swelling capacity may be due to incomplete carboxylation of the filler. These results can be used in the development of rubber products operating in contact with aqueous and hydrocarbon environments.
SWELLING RUBBERS, SULFUR-PEROXIDE VULCANIZATION, CARBOXYLATED CELLULOSE FROM RICE STRAW AND COTTON TOW
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