employee
Russian Federation
graduate student
employee
Russian Federation
This article discusses a process flow diagram developed by the authors for the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater from electroplating operations, based on the combined use of electrodialysis and electrodionization separation methods. The relevance of this work stems from the high toxicity of chromium compounds, the stability of their forms in aqueous media, and the need to implement resource- and energy-efficient technologies for treating industrial effluents amid increasingly stringent environmental requirements. A key element of the proposed scheme is an original electrodialysis unit of the author’s design, characterized by an increased separation area, higher productivity, and reduced material consumption compared to existing analogues. The paper provides a detailed description of the structure and operating principle of the process scheme, which includes stages of wastewater equalization, mechanical and fine filtration, electrodialytic separation yielding a desalinated stream and a concentrate, as well as advanced electrodialysis post-treatment with control and adjustment of the acid-base balance. The possibility of selective concentration of chromium ions with subsequent extraction or utilization of the concentrate is demonstrated, which allows for a significant reduction in waste volume and a decrease in the environmental impact. The treated water can be returned to the plant’s process cycle, contributing to a reduction in water consumption. The study focuses on evaluating the economic efficiency of the proposed process scheme. Operating costs were calculated, taking into account energy consumption, depreciation, and equipment maintenance costs, and the potential economic benefit was determined through the reuse of treated water and the sale of recovered salts as secondary raw materials. The results obtained demonstrate the technological and economic feasibility of applying the developed scheme for the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater from electroplating plants.
CHROMIUM-CONTAINING INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS, SEPARATION, MEMBRANE, ELECTRODEIONIZATION, ELECTRODIALYSIS, GALVANIC PRODUCTION, PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
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