MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF POLYMER SORBENTS
Rubrics: 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:
1.
Kazan National Research Technological University
(kafedra Tehnologii plasticheskih mass, docent)
2.
Kazanskiy nacional'nyy issledovatel'skiy tehnologicheskiy universitet
3.
Nacional'nyy universitet Uzbekistana im. Mirzo Ulugbeka
4.
ANO SRP "Siberian Academy of Beekeeping"
5.
KNITU im. A.N. Tupoleva-KAI
6.
KNITU
7.
Kazan National Research Technological University
(rektor)
8.
Kazan National Research Technological University
Kazan, Russian Federation
Kazan, Russian Federation
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 29
to 45
Status:
In work
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
EXTRACTION, ANALYTE, ADSORPTION, SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION, POLYMER SORBENTS, MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS
Abstract (English):
In recent years, significant research efforts have been directed to the development and characterization of new, improved sorption materials to improve selectivity or specificity for target analytes. Sorbents for solid-phase extraction can be divided into three groups: inorganic oxides, low-specificity sorbents, and sorbents specific for compounds and classes, which include polymeric sorbents. For problems associated with the isolation of highly polar macromolecules from aqueous samples, where for most conventional non-selective sorbents the partition coefficients either do not facilitate the transfer of target compounds into the sorbent layer or irreversible sorption occurs, as well as for complex samples containing large amounts of extractable compounds, the use of polymeric sorbents can be extremely effective. Based on the above, there is considerable interest in new materials for solid-phase extraction based on polymers and polymer-based composites with high selectivity or even specificity for a wide range of compounds - from extremely polar to hydrophobic. This review is devoted to the analysis of modern trends in the development and application of polymer sorbents. It is noted that the predominant segments of their use are the adsorption of organic compounds, including for medical purposes, as well as the concentration and separation of metals and gases. Analysis of numerous literary sources showed that molecularly imprinted polymers based on acrylic compounds and their copolymers, polyimides and polyaniline are widely and successfully used for the adsorption of organic substances. In addition, a promising direction is the use of polysiloxanes and other elastomeric compositions due to their developed porous structure. For the adsorption of metals, polymers with imprinted templates of various molecules, polyacrylates, polyimines, as well as various compounds based on rubbers have also found the greatest application. During the analysis of the literature devoted to polymer sorbents used for gas adsorption, it is not possible to make an unambiguous conclusion about the preferences of researchers, since their attention is focused on a wide range of chemical compounds.
In recent years, significant research efforts have been directed to the development and characterization of new, improved sorption materials to improve selectivity or specificity for target analytes. Sorbents for solid-phase extraction can be divided into three groups: inorganic oxides, low-specificity sorbents, and sorbents specific for compounds and classes, which include polymeric sorbents. For problems associated with the isolation of highly polar macromolecules from aqueous samples, where for most conventional non-selective sorbents the partition coefficients either do not facilitate the transfer of target compounds into the sorbent layer or irreversible sorption occurs, as well as for complex samples containing large amounts of extractable compounds, the use of polymeric sorbents can be extremely effective. Based on the above, there is considerable interest in new materials for solid-phase extraction based on polymers and polymer-based composites with high selectivity or even specificity for a wide range of compounds - from extremely polar to hydrophobic. This review is devoted to the analysis of modern trends in the development and application of polymer sorbents. It is noted that the predominant segments of their use are the adsorption of organic compounds, including for medical purposes, as well as the concentration and separation of metals and gases. Analysis of numerous literary sources showed that molecularly imprinted polymers based on acrylic compounds and their copolymers, polyimides and polyaniline are widely and successfully used for the adsorption of organic substances. In addition, a promising direction is the use of polysiloxanes and other elastomeric compositions due to their developed porous structure. For the adsorption of metals, polymers with imprinted templates of various molecules, polyacrylates, polyimines, as well as various compounds based on rubbers have also found the greatest application. During the analysis of the literature devoted to polymer sorbents used for gas adsorption, it is not possible to make an unambiguous conclusion about the preferences of researchers, since their attention is focused on a wide range of chemical compounds.
Keywords:
EXTRACTION, ANALYTE, ADSORPTION, SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION, POLYMER SORBENTS, MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS
EXTRACTION, ANALYTE, ADSORPTION, SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION, POLYMER SORBENTS, MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS
