STUDY OF SOME PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM COMMON OYSTER MUSHROOMS (PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS)
Rubrics: 2. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors:
1.
Pyatigorskiy mediko-farmacevticheskiy institut – filial FGBOU VO VolgGMU MZ RF (g. Pyatigorsk, Rossiya
(Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, Associate Professor)
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 until now
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 until now
Pyatigorsk, Stavropol, Russian Federation
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, Associate Professor)
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 to 01.01.2025
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 until now
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University (Department of Organic Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1980 until now
Pyatigorsk, Stavropol, Russian Federation
2.
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University
(Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, docent)
employee from 01.01.1995 until now
Pyatigorsk, Stavropol, Russian Federation
employee from 01.01.1995 until now
Pyatigorsk, Stavropol, Russian Federation
3.
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University
student from 01.01.1920 until now
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University
student from 01.01.2020 until now
Nalchik, Nalchik, Russian Federation
student from 01.01.1920 until now
Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, Volgograd State Medical University
student from 01.01.2020 until now
Nalchik, Nalchik, Russian Federation
4.
OOO Medifarm
Type:
Article
Pages:
from 52
to 59
Status:
Published
Received:
04.08.2025
Accepted:
07.08.2025
Published:
07.08.2025
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
OYSTER MUSHROOMS, β-GLUCANS, POLYSACCHARIDES, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, SURFACE TENSION, POLYAMPHOLITES, SURFACE ACTIVITY
Abstract (English):
Mushrooms, which are most commonly used in the culinary practices of all countries and cultures, have been unjustly neglected. Therefore, we chose mushrooms - Veshonka, which are widely available and easy to cultivate in any region - as the subject of our study. Biologically active compounds isolated from Veshonka mushrooms have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Recently, special attention has been paid to polysaccharides in the literature. The aim of our study was to isolate polysaccharides from common oyster mushrooms and to establish some of their physical and chemical characteristics. Polysaccharides in oyster mushrooms are mainly represented by a cellulose fraction, which is referred to in the literature as β-glucans. The main physical and chemical characteristics of the obtained β-glucans that influence the biological behaviour of molecules were established. The average molecular weight of the isolated polysaccharides was determined by the viscometric method. It was established that M = 5307 g/mol, M = 23229 g/mol. The distribution coefficient of β-glucans between two liquid phases (water and ethyl acetate) was determined using the conductometric method, which was K = 0.565. The degree of transition of β-glucans into the organic phase was 63.9 %. The surface activity of β-glucans was determined by the maximum air bubble pressure method using a Rebinder apparatus: the surface activity of β-glucans is 59.6·10-3 N·m2/mol. Thus, the isolated β-glucans can be used as stabilisers of dispersed systems. Using Graph version 4.4.2, the empirical constants of the Shishkovsky equation were accurately restored, which is confirmed by the low value of the root mean square error of surface tension determination (MSE = 1.25·10-3 N/m). The parameters of the adsorption layer of β-glucans were determined: the area occupied by a molecule (S = 1.74 Å 2), the layer thickness corresponding to the molecule length (l = 5054.28 Å) and the volume (V = 8794.45 Å 3). The macromolecules of the studied glucans contain more functional groups exhibiting acidic properties than those capable of attaching protons. The isoelectric point (IEP = 4.2) was determined for the isolated β-glucans, which is less than 7. Therefore, it can be concluded that β-glucans from mushrooms are polyampholites.
Mushrooms, which are most commonly used in the culinary practices of all countries and cultures, have been unjustly neglected. Therefore, we chose mushrooms - Veshonka, which are widely available and easy to cultivate in any region - as the subject of our study. Biologically active compounds isolated from Veshonka mushrooms have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Recently, special attention has been paid to polysaccharides in the literature. The aim of our study was to isolate polysaccharides from common oyster mushrooms and to establish some of their physical and chemical characteristics. Polysaccharides in oyster mushrooms are mainly represented by a cellulose fraction, which is referred to in the literature as β-glucans. The main physical and chemical characteristics of the obtained β-glucans that influence the biological behaviour of molecules were established. The average molecular weight of the isolated polysaccharides was determined by the viscometric method. It was established that M = 5307 g/mol, M = 23229 g/mol. The distribution coefficient of β-glucans between two liquid phases (water and ethyl acetate) was determined using the conductometric method, which was K = 0.565. The degree of transition of β-glucans into the organic phase was 63.9 %. The surface activity of β-glucans was determined by the maximum air bubble pressure method using a Rebinder apparatus: the surface activity of β-glucans is 59.6·10-3 N·m2/mol. Thus, the isolated β-glucans can be used as stabilisers of dispersed systems. Using Graph version 4.4.2, the empirical constants of the Shishkovsky equation were accurately restored, which is confirmed by the low value of the root mean square error of surface tension determination (MSE = 1.25·10-3 N/m). The parameters of the adsorption layer of β-glucans were determined: the area occupied by a molecule (S = 1.74 Å 2), the layer thickness corresponding to the molecule length (l = 5054.28 Å) and the volume (V = 8794.45 Å 3). The macromolecules of the studied glucans contain more functional groups exhibiting acidic properties than those capable of attaching protons. The isoelectric point (IEP = 4.2) was determined for the isolated β-glucans, which is less than 7. Therefore, it can be concluded that β-glucans from mushrooms are polyampholites.
Keywords:
OYSTER MUSHROOMS, β-GLUCANS, POLYSACCHARIDES, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, SURFACE TENSION, POLYAMPHOLITES, SURFACE ACTIVITY
OYSTER MUSHROOMS, β-GLUCANS, POLYSACCHARIDES, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, SURFACE TENSION, POLYAMPHOLITES, SURFACE ACTIVITY
